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Haplogroups
MOLECULAR GENEALOGY
Why Molecular Genealogy?
Understanding DNA
Y-Chromosome DNA
Mitochondrial DNA
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There are other mutations that occur in mitochondrial DNA that are outside the regions of use for genealogy studies. Some of those mutations occur very slowly and can be grouped to define "haplogroups".

People who share the same haplogroup also share a common maternal ancestor who lived many thousands of years ago. Haplogroups are given designators, such as A, B, H, J, V, or X.

The letters are often referred to by name. For instance, haplogroup "H" is called "Helena" and haplogroup "X" is called "Xenia".

Haplogroups are useful for population studies, but have somewhat limited application in genealogy. Since SMGF is focused primarily on the application of DNA testing to traditional genealogy, SMGF does not currently display haplogroups.

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